The 1996 Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) established national privacy and security standards for electronic health care transactions, including a national identifier for providers, health plans and employers. Accordingly, by May 23, 2007, healthcare providers and all health plans and clearinghouses must change both their processes and information systems to implement HIPAA’s National Provider Identifier (NPI) regulations.

The Administrative Simplification provisions of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) mandated the adoption of standard unique identifiers for health care providers, as well as the adoption of standard unique identifiers for health plans. They become mandatory on May 23, 2007.

The purpose of these provisions is to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the electronic transmission of health information. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) has developed the National Plan and Provider Enumeration System (NPPES) to assign these unique identifiers.